Thomas Edison , A Great Inventor In 20Th Century Essays

Thomas Edison , A Great Inventor In 20Th Century Thomas Edison was one of the greatest inventor of all time in our history. He has invented over 1903 patents in his life time. That is more than one person could achieve. He was born in 1847 in Ohio. When he was growing as a child, he didn not receive public education. His mother taught him to read and he was fond of reading book. One time, he wanted to be an actor, but he changed his direction to science. He was always curious just about everything around him. One of famous inventions of all time was electric light bulb. He spend years to figure out to turn light switch. He was very smart, out-witted. He was a family man. He spent time with his family when he was free. He had a wife but she died shortly after he invented phonograph. We still use some of his stuff today. If it wasn't for him, we would not have stuf like, CD or computer. We should thank him for what he did. Bibliography N/A Biographies

Fast Food Argumentative Essay Sample - A Primer

Fast Food Argumentative Essay Sample - A PrimerIf you're looking for a fast food argumentative essay sample, here are some tips to help you choose the best option for your requirements. In this article, I'm going to tell you a few quick and easy ways to choose the right essay sample, or thesis statement, for your fast food argumentative essay.So, when you're a high school writing student, and you want to write an essay, what should you do? Well, it depends on how you want to answer the question, 'what should I write about in my thesis?' For example, if you want to write about the difference between eating at fast food restaurants and eating at chain restaurants, your thesis statement must be objective, and its main theme must be that it's easier to eat at chains because they offer more variety of food items, but, this is only a weak argumentation since chain restaurants have many choices of food items in the restaurants.So, if you think that your subject of argument will fit the conc ept of eating at fast food chains, but you want to see how the topic will turn out once you write your thesis, then you must find an essay topic that will make you really passionate about the topic, and that will actually make you wish to write your thesis, that way you can know for sure that your fast food argumentative essay will end up being great. And that's exactly what you can do.To give you an example, I'd like to present to you an example to show that it's possible to write an opinion piece by just presenting a written point. The reason why it's a good idea to provide a written essay and a thesis statement is so that you can know if you are serious about doing the thesis topic, or not.So, let's begin with writing an essay about eating at fast food restaurants, without really writing anything. So, let's look at the topic. I will introduce a hypothetical fast food restaurant chain with the name of 'Fast Food Restaurant Chains'. Now, fast food chains offer a variety of food ite ms in the restaurant, but, that doesn't mean that the food is really tasty, because of the differences in taste between chain restaurants and fast food restaurants.Now, if you write this essay and compare it to your opinion about fast food restaurants, you may not be able to convince the reader that your opinion is correct. Therefore, if you truly think that your opinion is true, and there is a great deal of difference between the food of fast food restaurants and chain restaurants, then you have to tell the reader that you will present another opinion on this topic in your thesis. That's a totally different topic that you would not see in a fast food argumentative essay sample.Although you may be tempted to go with the most controversial topic that you can think of to make yourself more famous in a fast food argumentative essay sample, that's not the best idea for your purpose. You are most likely not ready to debate in such a well-developed written work, because you can't afford t o lose the opportunity to write your thesis.

Quotes From A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens

Quotes From 'A Tale of Two Cities' by Charles Dickens A Tale of Two Cities is a dense classic, often studied in classrooms. Charles Dickens published the work late in his career as a popular novelist in Victorian England. The backdrop of A Tale of Two Cities is the French Revolution; and a whole myriad of colorful characters are in attendance (as is usual for the works of Charles Dickens). Here are a few quotes from the literary master. Quotes from Book 1 It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity, it was the season of Light, it was the season of Darkness, it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair, we had everything before us, we had nothing before us, we were all going direct to Heaven, we were all going direct the other wayin short, the period was so far like the present period, that some of its noisiest authorities insisted on its being received, for good or for evil, in the superlative degree of comparison only.- Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, Book 1, Chapter 1Jerry, say that my answer was, RECALLED TO LIFE.- Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, Book 1, Chapter 2Eighteen years! Gracious Creator of day! To be buried alive for eighteen years!- Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, Book 1, Chapter 3She had laid her head upon my shoulder, that night when I was summoned outshe had a fea r of my going, though I had noneand when I was brought to the North Tower they found these upon my sleeve. You will leave me them? They can never help me to escape in the body, though they may in the spirit. Those words I said. I remember them very well. - Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, Book 1, Chapter 6 If, when I tell you, dearest dear, that your agony is over, and that I have come here to take you from it, and that we go to England to be at peace and at rest, I cause you to think of your useful life laid waste, and of our native France so wicked to you, weep for it, weep for it! And if, when I shall tell you of my name, and of my father who is living, and of my mother who is dead, you learn that I have to kneel to my honoured father, and implore his pardon for never having for his sake striven all day and lain awake and wept all night, because the love of my poor mother hid his torture from me, weep for it, weep for it! Weep for her, then, and for me! Good gentlemen, thank God! I feel his sacred tears upon my face, and his sobs strike against my heart. O, see! Thank God for us, thank God! - Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, Book 1, Chapter 6All through the cold and restless interval, until, dawn, they once more whispered in the ears of Mr. Jarvis Lorrysitting opposite the bur ied man who had been dug out, and wondering what subtle powers were forever lost to him, and what were capable of restorationthe old inquiry: I hope you care to be recalled to life?- Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, Book 1, Chapter 6 Quotes from Book 2 But indeed, at that time, putting to death was a recipe much in vogue with all trades and professions, and not least of all with Tellsons. Death is Natures remedy for all things, and why not Legislations? Accordingly, the forger was put to Death; the utterer of a bad note was put to Death; the unlawful opener of a letter was put to Death; the purloiner of forty shillings and sixpence was put to death; the holder of a horse at Tellsons door, who made off with it, was put to Death; the coiner of a bad schilling was put to Death; the sounders of three-fourths of the notes in the whole gamut of Crime, were put to Death. Not that it did the least good in the way of preventionit might almost have been worth remarking that the fact was exactly the reversebut, it cleared off (as to this world) the trouble of each particular case, and left nothing else connected with it to be looked after.- Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, Book 2, Chapter 1I wont be gone again, in this manner. I am as r ickety as a hackney-coach, Im as sleepy as laudanum, my lines is strained to that degree that I shouldnt know, if it wasnt for the pain in em, which was me and which was somebody else, yet Im none the better for it in pocket; and its my suspicion that youve been at it from morning to night to prevent me from being better for it in the pocket, and I wont put up with it, Aggerawayter, and what do you say now! - Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, Book 2, Chapter 1 Waste forces within him, and a desert all around, this man stood still on his way across a silent terrace, and saw for a moment, lying in the wilderness before him, a mirage of honorable ambition, self-denial, and perseverance. In the fair city of this vision, there were airy galleries from which the loves and graces looked upon him, gardens in which the fruits of life hung ripening, waters of Hope that sparkled in his sight. A moment, and it was gone. Climbing to a high chamber in a well of houses, he threw himself down in his clothes on a neglected bed, and its pillow was wet with wasted tears.- Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, Book 2, Chapter 5I have sometimes sat alone here of an evening, listening, until I have made the echoes out to be the echoes of all the footsteps that are coming by and by into our lives.- Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, Book 2, Chapter 6There is a great crowd coming one day into our lives, if that be so.- Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, Book 2, Chapter 6 What a night it has been! Almost a night, Jerry, to bring the dead out of their graves.- Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, Book 2, Chapter 6It is extraordinary to me that you people cannot take care of yourselves and your children. One or the other of you is forever in the way.- Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, Book 2, Chapter 7I know it all, I know it all. Be a brave man, my Gaspard! It is better for the poor plaything to die so, than to live. It has died in a moment without pain. Could it have lived an hour as happily? - Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, Book 2, Chapter 7Repression is the only lasting philosophy. The dark deference of fear and slavery, my friend, will keep the dogs obedient to the whip, as long as this roof shuts out the sky, - Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, Book 2, Chapter 9Good-night! I look to the pleasure of seeing you again in the morning. Good repose! Light Monsieur my nephew to his chamber there! And burn Monsieur my nephew in his bed , if you will. - Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, Book 2, Chapter 9 There is no harm at all done. I have not proposed to the young lady, and, between ourselves, I am by no means certain, on reflection, that I ever should have committed myself to that extent. Mr. Lorry, you cannot control the mincing vanities and giddiness of empty-headed girls; you must not expect to do it, or you will always be disappointed. Now, pray say no more about it. I tell you, I regret it on account of others, but I am satisfied on my own account. And I am really very much obliged to you for allowing me to sound you, and for giving me your advice; you know the young lady better than I do; you were right, it never would have done. - Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, Book 2, Chapter 12The time will come, the time will not be long in coming, when new ties will be formed about youties that will bind you yet more tenderly and strongly to the home you so adornthe dearest ties that will ever grace and gladden you. O Miss Manette, when the little picture of a happy fathers face looks up in yours, when you see your own bright beauty springing up anew at your feet, think now and then that there is a man who would give his life, to keep a life you love beside you! - Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, Book 2, Chapter 13 But, there were other echoes, from a distance, that rumbled menacingly in the corner all through this space of time. And it was now, about little Lucies sixth birthday, that they began to have an awful sound, as of a great storm in France with a dreadful sea rising. - Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, Book 2, Chapter 21Seven prisoners released, seven gory heads on pikes, the keys of the accursed fortress of the eight strong towers, some discovered letters and other memorials of prisoners of old time, long dead of broken heartssuch, and such-like, the loudly echoing footsteps of Saint Antoine escort through Paris streets in mid-July, one thousand seven hundred and eighty-nine. Now, Heaven defeat the fancy of Lucie Darnay, and keep these feet far out of her life! For, they are headlong, mad, and dangerous; and in the years so long after the breaking of the cask at Defarges wine-shop door, they are not easily purified when once stained red. - Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, Book 2, Chapter 21 From such household occupations as their bare poverty yielded, from their children, from their aged and their sick crouching on the bare ground famished and naked, they ran out with streaming hair, urging one another, and themselves, to madness with the wildest cries and actions. Villain Foulon taken, my sister! Old Foulon taken, my mother! Miscreant Foulon taken, my daughter! Then, a score of others ran into the midst of these, beating their breasts, tearing their hair, and screaming, Foulon alive! Foulon who told the starving people they might eat grass! Foulon who told my old father that he might eat grass, when I had no bread to give him! Foulon who told my baby it might suck grass, when these breasts were dry with want! O mother of God, this Foulon! O Heaven, our suffering! Hear me, my dead baby and my withered father: I swear on my knees, on these stones, to avenge you on Foulon! - Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, Book 2, Chapter 22For scores of years gone by, Monseigneur had squeezed and wrung it, and had seldom graced it with his presence except for the pleasures of the chasenow, found in hunting the people; now, found in hunting the beasts, for whose preservation Monseigneur made edifying spaces of barbarous and barren wilderness. No. The change consisted in the appearance of strange faces of low caste, rather than in the disappearance of the high-caste, chiseled, and otherwise beatified and beatifying features of Monseigneur. - Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, Book 2, Chapter 23 For the love of Heaven, of justice, of generosity, of the honour of your noble name, I supplicate you, Monsieur heretofore the Marquis, to succour and release me. My fault is that I have been true to you. Oh, Monsieur heretofore the Marquis, I pray you be true to me! - Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, Book 2, Chapter 24The Loadstone Rock was drawing him, and he must sail on, until he struck. He knew of no rock; he saw hardly any danger. The intention with which he had done what he had done, even although he had left it incomplete, presented it before him in an aspect that would be gratefully acknowledged in France on his presenting himself to assert it. Then, that glorious vision of doing good, which is so often the sanguine mirage of so many good minds, arose before him, and he even saw himself in the illusion with some influence to guide this raging Revolution that was running so fearfully wild. - Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, Book 2, Chapter 24 Quotes From Book 3 Five paces by four and a half, five paces by four and a half, five paces by four and a half. He made shoes, he made shoes, he made shoes. The ghosts that vanished when the wicket closed. There was one among them, the appearance of a lady dressed in black, who was leaning in the embrasure of a window, and she had a light shining upon her golden hair, and she looked like...Let us ride on again, for Gods sake, through the illuminated villages with the people all awake! - Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, Book 3, Chapter 1The wives and mothers we have been used to see since we were as little as this child, and much less, have not been greatly considered? We have known their husbands and fathers laid in prison and kept from them, often enough? All our lives, we have seen our sister-women suffer, in themselves and in their children, poverty, nakedness, hunger, thirst, sickness, misery, oppression and neglect of all kinds? - Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, Book 3, Chapter 3It wa s the popular theme for jests; it was the best cure for headache, it infallibly prevented the hair from turning grey, it imparted a particular delicacy to the complexion, it was the National Razor which shaved close: who kissed La Guillotine, looked through the little window and sneezed into the sack. It was the sign of the regeneration of the human race. It superseded the Cross. Models of it were worn on breasts from which the Cross was discarded, and it was bowed down to and believed in where the Cross was denied. - Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, Book 3, Chapter 4 I call myself Samson of the firewood guillotine. See here again! Loo, loo, loo; Loo, loo, loo! And off her head comes! Now, a child. Tickle, tickle; Pickle, pickle! And off its head comes! All the family! - Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, Book 3, Chapter 5I am the resurrection and the life, saith the Lord: he that believeth in me, though he were dead, yet shall he live: and whosoever liveth and believeth in me, shall never die. - Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, Book 3, Chapter 9If it had pleased God to put it in the hard heart of either of the brothers, in all these frightful years, to grant me any tidings of my dearest wifeso much as to let me know by a word whether alive or deadmight have thought that He had not quite abandoned them. But, now I believe that the mark of the red cross is fatal to them, and that they have no part in His mercies. And them and their descendants, to the last of their race, I, Alexandre Manette, unhappy prisoner, do this last night of the ye ar 1767, in my unbearable agony, denounce to the times when all these things shall be answered for. I denounce them to Heaven and to earth. - Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, Book 3, Chapter 10 Then tell the Wind and Fire where to stop, but dont tell me. - Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, Book 3, Chapter 12If you remember the words that passed between us, long ago, you will readily comprehend this when you see it. You do remember them, I know. It is not in your nature to forget them. I am thankful that the time has come, when I can prove them. That I do so is no subject for regret or grief. If it had been otherwise, I never should have used the longer opportunity. If it had been otherwise - Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, Book 3, Chapter 13It is a far, far better thing that I do, than I have ever done; it is a far, far better rest that I go to than I have ever known. - Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, Book 3, Chapter 15

Reviewing Company's Mission Statements Research Paper

Reviewing Company's Mission Statements - Research Paper Example It should also be the standard with which the company is willing to be evaluated. According to Bart and Tabone (1998), mission statements should be ‘enduring, passionate, and lacking in specific quantitative measurements’. However, there are circumstances when a company finds its mission statement outdated and is often misaligned with new business objectives. There are times when a company’s mission statement is no longer â€Å"relevant in addressing to new realities† (Radtke, 2009) and thus be a subject for review to â€Å"reflect changes in institutions, as well as in the environments within which the institutions are called on to function† (Bart & Tabone, 1998). This paper examines such instances when companies modify and alter their mission statements in accordance to the changes in corporate values and the business environment. The paper should further explain why corporations are spending time reviewing their mission statement and why this has become an increasing concern for the organization. Mission Statement and Its Impact The main benefit of crafting an effective mission statement is that it creates an impact to people who get exposed to it. According to Abrahams (2007), a well-crafted mission statement serves as a â€Å"practical focus for individuals within the corporation†. This means that company statements often inspire and influence certain needs and aspirations of the organization and its employees. When assimilated into the organization’s culture, mission statements become an integral part of the strategic planning process of the company (David & Pierce III, 1987). In other words, it helps company managers and employees to stay focused on the organization’s goals. However, a mission statement is not only be beneficial to people within the company but also to its target audience – customers, investors, and possibly donors. Birbaum (2004) emphasized the significant impact of a company ’s mission statement to its customers because it is what defines them. When people are presented with an organization’s statement of intent, it gives them a clear picture of what the organization is trying to do. Because of these reasons, mission statements are considered as â€Å"an actual blue print for a company’s future and ultimately, its success† (Abrahams, 2007). When the organization successfully integrates the goals and values expressed in its mission statement and acts according in accordance to its principles, then it secures its morale and strengthens its reputation as a company. On the other hand, when a company succumbs to weaknesses and failures inside and outside the organization, its morale crumbles and its reputation becomes shaky. Mission Statement and Its Limitations An organization’s mission statement is central to its business strategy. As such, it is important that company statements should be, according to Bart and Tabone (1 998), â€Å"enduring (i.e., they should not have a time frame); passionate (i.e., they should be emotionally charged); and lacking in specific quantitative measurements (i.e., financial goals)†. However, Grunig & Kuhn (2008) further extends these characteristics of mission statements into reasons why it should be flexible and dynamic. The authors argued that while a mission statement does not include a time frame for its validity, it should nevertheless remain under review

Philosophy of Human Conduct Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Philosophy of Human Conduct - Essay Example I agree with Pojman's thoughts and see the fault with society's focus on only the end result and generalizing merit by not taking into account an individual's struggles and strengths I agree when Pojman points out that "nondeserved merit can be features that the natural lottery has distributed such as ones basic intelligence, personality type, skin color, good looks, and physical endowments" (86). I also think that merit comes more easily to those who are properly equipped to achieve it. For example I look at celebrities or wealthy aristocrats who have been granted merit for their large contributions to charity. These individuals may receive more praise and admiration than an everyday working class citizen who gives their last dollar to a homeless man on the street. I believe that the everyday citizen deserves just as much merit as the celebrity or wealthy aristocrat because the amount of money that one gives is not what warrants merit, but the generosity of the individual depending on their own personal income and what they can afford. Pojman points out that "Dessert then, is closely connected to effort and intention, whereas merit signifies positive qualities that call forth a positive response, including qualities that we do not deserve" (87). I think that Pojman used a great example out of Mickey Mantle discussing that just because he was a famous baseball player does not mean that he earned or deserved a liver transplant more than anyone else. I don't think that any human being can truly give merit to another because we can never know the inner workings of someone other than ourselves. Pojman says, "Whereas God, knowing our inner motivations, rewards purely on the basis of desert, we fallible beings, being far less certain as to how to measure effort and intentionality, tend to reward merit, the actual contribution or positive results produced" (87). The essay goes on to say that, " Another objection that underlines much of the suspicion of merit is the natural lottery, the idea that we do not deserve our genes, or natural talents, our families, our society, or even our determination to make an effort" (99). I agree that it would not be fair to give merit to someone for being successful in something that they were born to do. Just because someone is good at something doesn't mean they deserve any credit, credit should be given to the person who put in the most effort no matter the result of the effort. Someone could train everyday for a triathlon and still lose the race to someone who was born with more athletic ability than they have. Just because that person won the race does not mean that they put in as much effort or deserve to win. This belief that "effort is the decisive criterion of merit" (91), means that just because something comes easily for one person does not mean it is easy for everyone. Pojman says, "We are stewards of our talents and are judged on the basis of what we can do with them. Those who use their talents wisely and industriously deserve to be rewarded, whereas those who neglect their talents deserve reprobation" (90). I also think that if you acknowledge your ability, and push yourself in it, becoming the best that you possibly can, then merit is definitely deserved for your effort. I like the story Pojman told of the carpenter building the chair in the factory of the entrepreneur. The entrepreneur is talented in finding ways to make money

End-of-life Essay Example for Free

End-of-life Essay End-of-life care is a form of medical treatment which is usually provided for terminal illnesses, when the condition is no longer curable and every effort should be made at improving the quality of life rather than increasing the duration of life. Cancer is one condition which is incurable during the advanced stages. End-of-life usually does not involve provision of anticancer treatment but concern for lowering the physical symptoms (especially pain so that the patient is comfortable), addressing the psychosocial issues and the spiritual concerns, so as to improve the quality of life. Often an ethical dilemma exists at the situations under which end-of-life care should be started. The need to provide end-of-life care arises out the physician’s obligation to ensure that the patient can live and die with dignity, compassion, comfort and respect. Two of the cases which demonstrate the physician’s obligations to the patients were the Ann Quinlan case (1976) and the Cruzan V. Harmon case (1988) (Meisel, 2005 Rekel, 2007). In the Quinlan case, Ms. Quinlan suffered irreversible damage to the brain cortex and was left in a permanent vegetative state. She required ventilator support, artificial nutrition and artificial hydration to maintain her medical and nursing care. She could be kept alive for any duration, but this was morally not required and not in the patient’s best interest. The physician’s refused to remove ventilator support and hence the family had to go to the New Jersey Court. The court in the landmark decision permitted to remove ventilator support as it was not in the patient’s best interest. The court had said that although the patient was in a permanent vegetative state and did not have to ability to make a decision about withdrawing ventilator support, it did not mean that she could not exercise her choice and give her decision. The decision-making could be made by a surrogate who would be doing so in the best interest of the patient. In the Roe vs. Wade case, the court gave the decision that the patient could control their medical treatment and had the right to make decisions. In the Cruzon case, after the ventilator was removed, the patient survived for about 10 years. The Missouri court in this case did not follow the advice of the parent’s on removing life-saving support. The court said that all measures should be done in best interest of the patient, and if there were not clear evidence of the patient’s wishes, then the legal guardian should be acting in the patient’s best interest. The court said that even if there was a need to prolong life through ventilator support, if there was no evidence that the patient’s best interest would be fulfilled. In the case Westchester County Medical Ctr (1988), the New York court said that there had to exist clear and convincing evidence whenever important decisions had to be taken by the surrogate (Meisel, 2005 Rekel, 2007). Some of the common ethical issues regarding medical treatment have been ‘beneficence’ and ‘non-maleficence’. The physician should do treatment that benefits the patient and does not cause more harm. They should help reduce the suffering and help the patient to return to health. However, in the end-of-life issues, the patient would be dying due to the terminal cancer condition, and using life-sustaining treatment would not have any potential benefits, as it would prolong life, but not improve the quality. In this case medical treatment is doing lot harm than benefits, and hence using it would be inappropriate. However, a clear judgment has to be made in the clinical-decision making and one of the most important issues is whether the patient has made the intention of withdrawing all the life-saving treatment and instead goes into palliative care (in which symptomatic treatment would be provided so as to improve the quality of life during the last few days). Having the patient make this decision is based on another ethical principle known as ‘autonomy’. The patient has the right to choose or disregard whichever treatment he/she wants as the have the right to control any act that is done with their body (Walker, 1999 Meisel, 2005). Implications of risk management – †¢ Mainly with the use of opioids to manage pain (especially from its prolonged use) †¢ Clinical practice guidelines and protocols should be followed to ensure the greatest amount of benefits for the patient in the form of improved quality of life and lowered discomfort levels (Hoffman, 1998). The right to autonomy of the patient should not be disregarded under any circumstance. The patient has the right to choose palliative treatment or reject it based on their own choices. The patient may also want to undergo curative treatment for cancer even though the survival rate may be low. The patient should be informed of the benefits, risks, options, outcome and costs of all forms of treatment available. The physician should answer all the queries the patient has of all the available forms of treatment. No treatment should be done against the will and intention of the patient. If the patient is not able to make a reasonable decision as they may not be legally competent, then the surrogate (including the family member or a legal guardian) of the patient should make a decision on the patient’s behave, keeping in mind the clear interests of the patient (Walker, 1999, Meisel, 2005 Rekel, 2007). There may be a lot of competing loyalties between the patient and the organization:- †¢ The organization may try to keep the interest of the patient in mind and may do all that it can to reduce sufferings, improve the quality of life and ensure a peaceful end †¢ The organization may demonstrate a greater opinion towards anticancer treatment as it would involve higher costs (even though it is not beneficial to the patient anywhere) †¢ Even though the patient can benefit to a reasonable extent from anticancer treatment, the organization may force end-of-life care on the patient, as the family members have provided consent. In this case the family members would be having conflicting interests with the patient and may want a faster end to the patient. To prevent any conflicting interest of other parties, it is important that any decision made regarding use of anticancer treatment of initiation of end-of-life care should be clearly justified and documented through evidence-based findings. An ethical approach should be initiated to ensure that all issues are sorted out keeping the patient’s interest in mind:- †¢ The physician should ensure maintaining autonomy of the patient at all stages †¢ If the patient is not competent enough to make a decision by himself, decision-making should be done by the surrogate keeping in mind the patient’s interest and choices †¢ It is the obligation of the physician to ensure that the patient lives †¢ The patient’s competence needs to be determined so that a reasonable decision can be ensured †¢ The patient has to be informed of all the alternative choices available at all the stages †¢ In case of diagnosis of a terminal illness, confirmation should be taken from two physician’s (second opinion) †¢ In case of terminal illness, and the patient choice palliative care, efforts should be made at all stages to improve the quality of life (through symptomatic treatment of physical problems, addressing the psychosocial and spiritual issues), rather than on prolonging life The other issues which need to be addressed include:- 1. Active Euthanasia – This is legal in only a few states of the world including Netherlands and Belgium. The patient should make a reasonable decision, and should be a native from that state in which euthanasia is legalized. The physician himself would take the active step of ending the patient’s life. The patient should be diagnosed with a terminal illness 2. Physician-Assisted Suicide – This has been legalized in the US state of Oregon, PAS has been legalized. The patient would perform the active step of ending life and the physician would merely assist the patient. The patient should be diagnosed with a terminal illness (in which death would be certain within 6 months). The patient should be legally competent to make a reasonable decision (Rekel, 2007). References: Hoffmann, D. E. (1998). Pain Management and Palliative Care in the Era of Managed Care: Issues for Health Insurers†, Journal of Law, Medicine Ethics, 26(4), 267-289. http://www. aslme. org/research/mayday/26. 4/26. 4c. php Meisel, A. (2005). Ethics, End-of-Life Care, and the Law: Overview, Retrieved on August 16, 2008, from Hospice Foundation Website: http://www. hospicefoundation. org/teleconference/books/lwg2005/meisel_jennings. pdf National Cancer Institute (2002). End-of-Life Care: Questions and Answers, Retrieved on August 16, 2008, from NCI Website: http://www. cancer. gov/cancertopics/factsheet/Support/end-of-life-care Rekel, R. (2007). Rakel: Textbook of Family Medicine, 7th ed, Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier. Walker, R. M. (1999). Ethical Issues in End-of-Life Care, Cancer Control, 6(2):162-167. http://www. medscape. com/viewarticle/417700_1

Harry Potter :: Free Essay Writer

Harry Potter ‘Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire’, written by J.K. Rowling, is an excellent example of a modern novel that uses medieval influences extensively. Many of the novel’s characters are based on medieval ideas and superstitions. The settings in the book resemble old medieval towns as well as castles. The book is also full of medieval imagery such as knights in armour, carriages etc. Whilst there is no time travel involved in the novel, the medieval period is used to such an effect that the reader is encouraged to ignore the fact that the book is set in the present. People in the medieval era were quite superstitious. They believed in fictional characters such as witches and wizards. ‘Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire’ is a novel based on the existence of witches and wizards in secret communities. The medieval period is well known for the hierarchy of society. The society consisted of landlords and their servants. This medieval element was brought into the story in the form of house elves. House elves are little creatures that work for the wizarding communities that have no rights and are unable to use any magic: â€Å"The tiny creature looked up and parted its fingers, revealing enormous brown eyes and a nose the exact size and shape of a large tomato†¦it was†¦unmistakably a house-elf, as Harry’s friend Dobby had been. Harry had set Dobby free from his old owners, the Malfoy family.† (p88) The novel also incorporates fictional animals that medieval people believed to be real. These include creatures such as dragons, trolls and three-headed dogs: â€Å"Dragons. Four fully grown, enormous, vicious-looking dragons were rearing on their hind legs inside an enclosure fenced with thick planks of wood, roaring and snorting- torrents of fire were shooting into the dark sky from their open, fanged mouths, fifty feet above the ground on their outstretched necks.† (p286) People living in the medieval era created stories about creatures such as these and heroes that defeated them. In this way ‘Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire’ uses medieval influences. The settings used in ‘Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire’ are typical of those found in literature of the medieval period. The opening scene is set in a very typical present day suburban street. The following scene is set at the ‘Hogwarts Castle’. A castle is a very typical medieval image used in a lot of medieval literature.